In the last decade, significant advances have been made in the field of smoke, heat, and gas detection sensors. An article published in MDPI Sensors Journal (2024) comprehensively examines how the next generation of sensors can reduce fire detection times from tens of seconds to less than 2 seconds. Optical smoke detectors and ionization detectors are common in traditional fire alarm systems. However, these sensors have limitations such as low sensitivity to certain types of smoke or a delay in alarming. The new generation of sensors uses two-dimensional materials such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, and metal oxide semiconductors (MOS). Due to their nanoscale structure and high reactive surface area, these materials detect chemical changes resulting from the presence of combustion gases or particles much faster. In addition to this hardware advancement, the integration of sensor systems with Internet of Things (IoT) networks has allowed real-time information to be collected from multiple points simultaneously and analyzed with analytical algorithms. According to the MDPI report, the combination of these technologies has reduced the detection error rate by up to 60%. The new sensors also have the ability to “learn the environment”; for example, in a factory, by recording regular patterns of steam or particles, the system gradually learns when to issue a real alarm. 🔹 Application for engineering companies: In the design of sensitive projects such as data centers, hospital spaces and laboratories, the use of hybrid sensors based on IoT can increase the accuracy of alarm notifications and prevent false alarms.
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